with more details at New Technology and Opening Up ANWR - The Keys to Resolving the US Oil Supply-Demand Imbalance?" by Jeremy Gilbert, in Energy Exploration & Exploitation 21, pp. 71-78. [2003 February]

"The US has been thoroughly explored, the discovery of a number of major new fields is now most unlikely.... However, US domestic production rates are inexorably declining and so even if conservation and replacement can keep oil demand from increasing further, imports are set to grow. The cost of these imports will rise and may become insupportable even for a country with such a large economy as the US....

"Is there a solution to this coming crisis, short of US annexation of non US oil production? Perhaps, but it does not lie in ANWR nor in the finding and application of new technology to conventional oil sources."